BACKGROUD
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), a life-threatening condition with high mortality, imposes substantial clinical burdens due to ineffective therapies1. Although Huanglong decoctio, a traditional Chinese medicine, shows therapeutic potential in gastrointestinal dysfunction2, its bioactive components and mechanisms remain uncharacterized, hindering clinical translation. This study aims to investigate Huanglong decoction and its key compound dihydroquercetin (DHQ) against SAP.
METHODS
Computational biology identified key bioactive components and targets of Huanglong Decoction. In vitro, we characterized the protective effect and modulation of Huanglong Decoction and its key bioactive component in injured primary pancreatic acinar cell by propidium iodide staining, western blot, and qPCR. In vivo, two acute pancreatitis models were established: C57BL/6 mice received 11 hourly intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (100 μg/kg) followed by a single LPS dose (10 μg/kg) (CER-SAP), mice were pretreated with poloxamer 407 (0.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal injection every 48 hours for 1 month), followed by 7 hourly cerulein injections (100 μg/kg) (hypertriglyceridemic-acute pancreatitis, HTG-AP)3. The therapeutic effects of DHQ were evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay, and qPCR.
RESULTS
Computational screening identified dihydroquercetin, didymin, gancaonin G, 1-methoxyglabridin, vestitol, and naringenin as core compounds interacting with STAT3/ERK nodes in acute pancreatitis. In vitro, Huanglong Decoction and DHQ significantly diminished acinar cell necrosis while suppressed phospho-STAT3/ERK expression. In HTG-AP model, DHQ decreased mortality from 30% to 10%, alongside with significantly lowered serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acids, and glucose. DHQ attenuated pancreatic injury in both models, evidenced by reduced pancreatic edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pancreatic necrosis. Systemic effects included markedly lowered serum amylase and lipase levels, alongside suppressed serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Notably, DHQ mitigated SAP-associated lung injury and restored intestinal barrier function by upregulating occludin and downregulating E-cadherin. Mechanistically, DHQ inhibited STAT3/ERK activation in both pancreatic and intestinal tissues.
CONCLUSION
Huanglong decoction mitigates SAP severity mechanistically linked to STAT3/ERK pathway inhibition. Its active ingredient DHQ emerges as a potential candidate for managing SAP. These findings provide a mechanistic bridge between traditional medicine formulations and modern targeted drug development for critical pancreatic disorders.